Snaaaakeeee

Published on 2015-07-30 in Frowney.

After a quick poll about which game to implement, I decided to make Snake. It’s a good old classic from the Nokia phones, where you control snake that grows with every dot it eats. Perfect for a low- resolution monochrome screen and two buttons.

After a bit of coding, I came up with a more or less functional game:

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Some more coding and tweaking, and I also added death and button debouncing. The code is not pretty, and could be still greatly optimized and extended, but it gets the job done.

The added PCB on the back of the Frowny is a module for the battery recharging, by the way.

const unsigned char rows[8] = {9, 14, 8, 12, 1, 7, 2, 5};
const unsigned char cols[8] = {13, 3, 4, 10, 6, 11, 15, 16};
const int pins[17] = {
    0,
    10, 16, 14, 15, A0, A1, A2, A3,
    2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
};
const int button_pins[2] = {0, 1};


unsigned char screen[8][8] = {
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
};
unsigned char direction = 0;


void setup() {
    for (unsigned char i=0; i<8; ++i) {
        pinMode(pins[cols[i]], INPUT);
        pinMode(pins[rows[i]], OUTPUT);
        digitalWrite(pins[rows[i]], LOW);
    }
    pinMode(0, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(1, INPUT_PULLUP);
}

void display() {
    for (unsigned char col=0; col<8; ++col) {
        for (unsigned char row=0; row<8; ++row) {
            digitalWrite(pins[rows[row]], !screen[col][row]);
        }
        pinMode(pins[cols[col]], OUTPUT);
        digitalWrite(pins[cols[col]], HIGH);
        delay(1);
        pinMode(pins[cols[col]], INPUT);
    }
}

void buttons() {
    static const long DEBOUNCE = 300;
    static long last_button = 0;
    unsigned long now = millis();

    if (now - last_button <= DEBOUNCE) {
        return;
    }

    if (!digitalRead(button_pins[0])) {
        direction = (direction - 1) % 4;
        last_button = now;
    } else if (!digitalRead(button_pins[1])) {
        direction = (direction + 1) % 4;
        last_button = now;
    }
}

void clear_screen() {
    for (int y=0; y<8; ++y) {
        for (int x=0; x<8; ++x) {
            screen[y][x] = 0;
        }
    }
}

void game() {
    static const long TICK = 400;
    static const signed char DX[4] = { 0,  1,  0, -1};
    static const signed char DY[4] = {-1,  0,  1,  0};

    static unsigned long last_tick = 0;
    static signed char snake_x=3, snake_y=3;
    static signed char apple_x=3, apple_y=3;
    static signed char body_x[64] = {};
    static signed char body_y[64] = {};
    static unsigned char body_head = 0;
    static unsigned char body_tail = 0;

    unsigned long now = millis();

    if (now - last_tick <= TICK) {
        return;
    }
    last_tick = now;

    if (apple_x == snake_x && apple_y == snake_y) {
        apple_x = random(0, 8);
        apple_y = random(0, 8);
        while (screen[apple_y][apple_x]) {
            apple_x = random(0, 8);
            apple_y = random(0, 8);
        }
        screen[apple_y][apple_x] = HIGH;
        body_tail = (body_tail - 1) % 64;
    } else if (screen[snake_y][snake_x]) {
        body_head = body_tail;
        body_tail = (body_tail - 1) % 64;
        snake_x = 3;
        snake_y = 3;
        direction = 0;
        clear_screen();
        screen[apple_y][apple_x] = HIGH;
    }

    screen[snake_y][snake_x] = HIGH;
    body_x[body_head] = snake_x;
    body_y[body_head] = snake_y;

    screen[body_y[body_tail]][body_x[body_tail]] = LOW;
    body_head = (body_head + 1) % 64;
    body_tail = (body_tail + 1) % 64;
    snake_x = constrain(snake_x + DX[constrain(direction, 0, 3)], 0, 7);
    snake_y = constrain(snake_y + DY[constrain(direction, 0, 3)], 0, 7);
}

void loop() {
    display();
    buttons();
    game();
}